My most recommended civilian-legal guns & ammunition around the world: United Kingdom, Australia, Ireland, Brazil, Mexico, Japan, Thailand, Uruguay, Iceland, Argentina, Norway, New Zealand, Canada, Greece, Spain, South Africa, France, Cyprus, Vanuatu, Samoa, Marshall Islands & Micronesia.

Also read:
Most recommended civilian-legal airguns & modern lightly to unregulated antique replicas from around the world, along with crossbows & compound bows,
The most recommended civilian-legal rifles & shotguns for American Samoa, most recommended state-compliant large caliber rifles & semi-auto long guns for Massachusetts, New Jersey, New York, California, Connecticut, plus airguns for Illinois & Delaware.

Note: this article is strictly non-political. If you want to talk politics, please do so here. I will not say too many opinions, only in cases where some commentary would be good.
Also, I do not advocate breaking the law. I have no responsibility or control over what other people do. So if you or someone else gets in trouble, do not blame me!


Of course, in some countries, there are highly restrictive laws on what firearms average civilians may own. As the title says, these are the ones that I recommend the most (not factoring in your budget) that are not-prohibited or are not near prohibited (a couple of examples of "Near prohibited" would be semi-automatic rifles in Australia or handguns in Japan or England & Wales). 
The reasons for recommending the firearms that I did are described here.

I'm also not going to unregulated cover airguns here, except for Australia and Iceland.

As for how to get these if they're not already available, you would have to find some gun importers, exporters, distributors, dealers, etc, who are willing to transport rare firearms.

To know what gun laws are like around the world, I would reccomend checking out The Worldwide Gun Owner's Guide.

Notes: 
As for the Benelli Super Black Eagle 2, if you are unable to afford it, I would reccomend going for the Stoeger M3500 or, if you can't afford that, the P-350. While Stoeger isn't as refined as Benelli, the design is still good and the deal is amazingly good to (Stoeger shotguns aren't expensive but they are based on well-designed Benelli shotguns).

Also, as for the "AR storage stock", I was referring to the Magpul ACS stock, 
& as for my most recommended AR pistol grip, I would reccomend the Magpul MIAD.

Ammunition (mostly the most powerful, or accurate):

Liberty "Civil Defense" series (for handguns and .223 Remington).

Mk318 (military spec 5.56x45mm):
https://duckduckgo.com/?q="Mk318"+ammo&atb=v47-5__ .

"T762TNB1" / "MK319 MOD 0" 7.62x51 (military version of .308):
https://duckduckgo.com/?q=%22T762TNB1%22&atb=v47-5__
https://duckduckgo.com/?q=MK319+MOD+0&atb=v47-5__

Wolf 7.62x39 (non-corrosive, military spec):
http://wolfammo.com/steel-casing.html .

Civilian-legal loading alternatives:

.223 79gr Elite Series Terminal Shock™.

Match-grade Nosler .308 Winchester.

.338 Federal:
Federal AE338F.

.220 Swift:
Federal P220B.

.22-250 Remington:

Federal P22250G (use this if you need a powerful round).


Federal AE22250G (use this if you need long-range).

Be sure to read:
Notes about using .22-250 Remington.

United Kingdom:
Section 2: Benelli M3, and Benelli Super Black Eagle 2 shotguns.
I would also highly reccomend what I would call the "extra long range" pack, which consists of the Benelli Super Black Eagle 2 with a 28 inch barrel, installing the tightest chokes that are available to safely fire it and loading it with 3 1/2 inch 000 buckshot for longer range shooting.

Section 1: 
Rifles: Tanfoglio Appeal, Southern Gun Company .223 lever release rifle, Southern Gun Company Speedmaster straight-pull rifle, VZ-58 MARS (conversion to take AR magazines is highly recommended), Robinson XCR lever release, Barrett Model 95, Desert Tech HTI.
Shotguns: Benelli M2 with 10 round magazine, Saiga-12. 
"Handguns": Caledonian Classic Arms K22, Remington 1858 replica, LeMat revolver replica.

Section 7.3:
Pre-1919 historical pistols: M1911 (especially in .455 Webley), Mauser C96.
Modern handguns with magazine limit for humane dispatch: the largest handgun that you can handle. For example, if you can only handle 9x19mm, stick with, say, a Glock 17. But if you're limited to, say, 5 rounds or less and can handle it, go for the S&W 500. Just know that you can handle the gun and its recoil before you obtain it for real.
Or, if you're authorized to, if you have a Southern Gun Co lever release carbine in 9mm or .45 ACp, then get the Glock 19 or Glock 21 respectively.


Some guns that I'd like to see would be the Armscor XT M1911 in .22 magnum, the KelTec PMR and CMR.
Some info about handguns;

Some info about prohibited weapons:

Australia:
Category A: Pardus LAX12, Henry Octagon in .22 magnum, Browning T-bolt in .22 magnum, AirForce Texan (if you want a big-bore gun but can't get a centerfire rifle yet).

Category B: Remington 7615, Remington 7600, Mossberg MVP, Barrett MRAD, Weatherby Mark 5. 

For the state of West Australia, which I've read that the Remington 7615 may not be civilian legal becuase it takes AR-15/M-16 pattern magazines, I'd reccomend the Ruger Gunsite Scout and Remington 7600 in .308 with an extended magazine as alternatives.
And, becuase of restriction on rifles that look like military rifles, if you can't get the Barrett MRAD, then get the Verney-Carron "Impact La Camo Trou De Pouce", Merkel RX.Helix or maybe a custom built Remington 700 with the Deviant Tactical action plus a 5 round detachable box magazine as a magnum calibre rifle.

Category C shotguns: Browning Maxus, Benelli M3, Benelli Super Black Eagle, Remington 870 bullpup, and Benelli SuperNova (the latter 3 are for armed security guards, especially those who operate in armored cars, who are permitted to carry pump action shotguns).



Ireland:
Ireland is perhaps the ultimate wildcard in this list (and beats Mexico, even though Mexico has the biggest violent crime problem on this list while Ireland is relatively safe), and to me, rivals Mexico in terms of weird laws because, according the article, the classification of shotguns (with a barrel length that is over 60.9cm) and rifles (with an overall length of 90cm or more) is dependent on "caliber, design, magazine capacity, general appearance and other factors", though the regulations described on S.I. No. 21/2008 - Firearms (Restricted Firearms and Ammunition) Order 2008 are much clearer. For more laws, go to Criminal Justice Act 2006 and scroll down to part 5.

.22lr rifle and pistols for target shooting (S.I. No. 391/2015):
Hevily customised Ruger 10/22, Ruger Mark 4.
For the Ruger 10/22, I would reccomend putting in all titanium internal parts, a KIDD Industries stainless steel bull barrel, and Archangel Deluxe Target Stock.

Rifles that would PROBABLY be "Unrestricted": Remington 7600/7615, Mossberg MVP Patrol and Scout (I'm not sure about the tactical variants; see the article for details), Ruger 10/22 Tactical, Howa 1500 in .300 Winchester, Browning X-bolt, Weatherby Mark V in .30-378 Weatherby Magnum. 

Rifles that probably be "Restricted" but may still be legal: CheyTac Intervention,  
The Barrett MRAD (in .300 Winchester) may also be legal, as with the Troy PAR Southern Gun Co AR-15's, MARS VZ-58, and Robinson XCR lever release, but I'm not sure becuase both have a very tactical look to them.

Probably unrestricted shotguns: Benelli Super Black Eagle 2.

Restricted but still legal shotguns: Winchester SX3 with 11 round extended magazine, Fostech Origin-12.

Rifles and shotguns that I know are legal (www.thegunstore.ie); Remington Versa Max, Bernardelli Levriero, Ruger .308.

Brazil (http://www.gunpolicy.org/firearms/citation/quotes/11575 http://www.gunpolicy.org/firearms/citation/quotes/11574):
Rifles: AR-15 in .17 Remington, KRISS Vector in 10mm auto, PPS-43 carbine, FN PS-90.
Shotguns: Remington Versa Max, Benelli Super Black Eagle 2, Vepr-12 with 26 inch barrel.
Pistol: Glock 25.

Mexico:
Mexico is another wildcard on the list becuase it almost seems as if the military is flip-flopping on what firearms civilians are and are not permitted to own. So I put this together somewhat based off of information I heard of, in part thanks to someone who commented on a now deleted YouTube video about Mexican firearm laws.

Rifles: Ruger Mini-14, Kel-Tec SU-16A, Springfield M1A, Barrett MRAD.

Shotguns: Benelli M2 with 25 inch barrel and match-grade parts, Mossberg 930 Combo Field/Security with Pro Series 5 kit.

Handguns: Glock 25, S&W M&P R8 (I've read a YouTube comment from someone who claims that .357 revolvers are civilian-legal).

Japan (the law is more directly described here. More information about the types of guns that are permitted are described here. Translation is nessasary for both.):

Small bore rifle: Magnum Research MagnumLite.

Large bore rifles: Barrett MRAD, Windham Weaponry AR-15/AR-10 with piston, stainless steel threaded bull barrel (fluted if possible), ambidextrous safety and magazine release, and most importantly, a Magpul BAD lever.
I would also reccomend 10 round PMAG's with a -5 round limiter pin, if you can legally get them.

Shotguns: Saiga-12, Benelli M4, Chiappa Triple Magnum. 
Becuase the magazine capacity of a shotgun is limited to 2 rounds, the Saiga's would be basically a double-tap gun deal. The Benelli M4 can be ghost loaded and have an extra round in the chamber, making it de facto a 4 shot shotgun. The Triple Magnum can at least be reloaded quickly.


Thailand:
Rifles: Troy PAR, SGC lever release, VZ-58 MARS (conversion to take AR magazines is highly recommended), Desert Tech HDI. Any rifle that isn't fully automatic (prohibited), semi-automatic (permitted in .22lr only), and has a barrel diameter or 11.45mm or less seems to be permitted.

Shotguns: Benelli M4, Winchester SX3 with 11 round magazine, Fostech Origin 12, KelTec KSG.

Handgun-carbines: SIG MPX in .357 Sig with chopped barrel (to less than 160mm), C39 micro AK, for non-sporting use. For "sporting use", becuase only handguns that are chambered for .45 acp, .357 magnum and .44 are de facto permitted, I would reccomend getting the KRISS Vector and chopping the barrel down to 6.25 inches.

Pretty much any semi-automatic pistol with a bore diameter of 11.55mm or less, and a barrel length of 160mm (6.29 inches) is legal anyways.

Uruguay: Negev machine gun, my ARAK-21 idea, AR-10 chambered for 6.5mm Creedmoor, MP7, Kel-Tec KSG and Fostech-Origin 12.

Hopefully, machine guns are civilian legal in Uruguay. I haven't found any laws that says that they're illegal (surprisingly enough, rifles above 6.5mm are restricted, and oddly enough, machine pistols up to 7.65mm and semi-automatic handguns up to 9mm).

Iceland:
Category A: 
Shotguns: Uzkon AS46-OP2, Mossberg 590A1 Mariner, 24 inch barrel, 9+ shot magazine extension, metal trigger group, ATI side saddle, and AR stock adapter with Magpul storage stock, Benelli SuperNova with 24 inch barrel and extended magazine. 
I would also highly reccomend what I would call the "extra long range" pack, which consists of the Benelli SuperNova with a 28 inch barrel, installing the tightest chokes that are available to safely fire it and loading it with 3 1/2 inch 000 buckshot for longer range shooting.

.22lr rifle: Henry Octagon, Browning T-bolt, Ruger American Rimfire with large capacity magazines.

.22lr ammunition: Augila SuperMax, or whatever is the most powerful .22lr round in production.

Air rifles: AirForce Texan.

Category B: 
Shotguns: Benelli M3, Benelli M4, Winchester SX3, Benelli Super Black Eagle 2, Fostech Origin 12.
Rifles: Southern Gun Company .223 lever release rifle, Southern Gun Company Speedmaster straight-pull rifle, VZ-58 MARS (conversion to take AR magazines is highly recommended), Robinson XCR lever release, Barrett Model 95, Desert Tech HDI.

Argentina:
Civil use: 
Shotguns: Mossberg 500 with magnum receiver, 24 inch barrel, 8 shot magazine extension, metal trigger group, ATI side saddle, and AR stock adapter with Magpul storage stock, Benelli SuperNova with 24 inch barrel and extended magazine.

Rifles: Marlin Model 60, Ruger 10/22, American SAR 180/275.

Handguns: S&W model 627, Dominion Arms P762. 

Civil conditional use: 
Rifles: SGC lever release, VZ-58 MARS (conversion to take AR magazines is highly recommended), Troy PAR, Barrett Model 95, Fulton Armory M1 Garand, SKS with tactical stock.
Shotguns: KelTec KSG, Fostech Origin-12.

Norway (https://lovdata.no/dokument/SF/forskrift/2011-09-09-930): 
Semi-automatic sporting rifles: H&K MR223/MR308. The H&K MR rifle can take standard AR-15/AR-10 compatible magazines respectively, though I've heard about compatibility issues with the Magpul PMAG.

Semi-automatic hunting rifles: Ruger Mini 14/30 in tactical stock, Valmet Hunter/Petra, Vepr rifle in .308.

Other rifles: EDM arms Windrunner M96 rifle in .510 DTC EUROP.

New Zealand:
Category A: Steyr AUG A3 USR, Benelli M4 with 7 round magazine, Remington 870 or Mossberg 590A1 with extended magazine, my AR-10 idea with thumbhole stock, various large caliber rifles.

Canada:
Unregulated: Traditions arms Sidelock Deerhunter, double-barreled flintlock shotgun.

Non-restricted:
Shotguns:  Benelli M4 with 5 round magazine, KelTec KSG tactical, Hatsan Escort with folding stock.
Rifles: Tavor, Robinson XCR, Bushmaster ACR, GM6 Lynx, various others.
Short-barreled carbines: Henry Mare's leg in .44 magnum, Chiappa 1887 T-series, BRS-99.

Restricted: PLR-16, my idea for the AR-15/AR-10.


Spain: 
Rifles: Remington 7600 chambered for calibers other than .223/5.56x45 and 7.62x51mm/.308, Southern Gun Co straight pull AR-15 in .308, Barrett MRAD, CheyTac intervention, Barrett Model 95.

These rifles would probably be legal: AR-15 in .222 Remington, AR-10 in .338 Federal.

Shotguns: Browning Maxus, Benelli M3, Benelli Super Black Eagle 2, Benelli M2 (if you're willing to risk installing an extended magazine).
I'm not sure rather or not the Alder A110 with a 7 round magazine would be civilian-legal.

Greece:
Greece has the most restrictive firearm laws in this list, but unlike Spain, Greece at least does not regulate airguns too hevily.
Shotguns: Benelli M3, Browning Maxus, Benelli Super Black Eagle 2, Fostech Origin 12, and if you're willing to risk it, Benelli M3 with 10 round magazine. 

Austria:
Austria has perhaps the most permissive licensing system here (being classed as "permissive" on gunpolicy.org/firearms/region/austria, with the strongest rival being Canada). I'll list firearms that Austrian citizens don't need a license to legally acquire.

Category C: Troy PAR, Barrett MRAD, Barrett Model 99, Weatherby Mark 5, Chiappa Triple-Threat.

"Less effective weapons": flintlock double-barrel shotgun, Thompson Center Encore with percussion barrel, Remington 700 muzzleloader, Mossberg 590 with muzzleloader barrel, generic airguns with a caliber of 6mm or less.

Czech Republic:
The Czech republic has, overall, the most lenient weapon laws on here, somewhat even more than Canada and New Zealand. I'll list both types of weapon that one doesn't need law enforcement authorisation to legally obtain and those that do not require a license at all.

Category C: Troy PAR, Barrett MRAD, Barrett Model 99, Weatherby Mark 5, Browning Maxus, Benelli M3, Remington 870 or Mossberg 590A1 with extended magazine.

Category D: generic percussion cap double-barreled shotgun, Thompson Center Encore muzzleloader, Great Gun Eleanor. 

Finland:
Finland is relatively gun friendly, though I'll throw a few examples in as a bonus to give ideas.
And I'll be using legal terms, so if something sounds incorrect, from a regular firearms point of view, it may be, even though it is legally correct. I also won't list common, tactical firearms (ie centerfire semi-automatic rifles, semi-automatic shotguns).

Single-shot shotgun: Chiappa Triple-Threat.
Single-shot with magazine shotgun: Remington 870, Mossberg 590A1.
Single-shot small-caliber rifle: Chiappa Little Badger, Thompson Center Encore.
Single-shot with magazine small-caliber rifle: Henry Octagon, Browning T-bolt.
Single-shot rifle: Thompson Center Encore.
Single-shot with magazine rifle: Troy PAR, Barrett MRAD, ChayTec Intervention, various others.

South Africa: 
Licence to possess firearm for self-defence, Licence to possess firearm for occasional hunting and sports-shooting:
Shotgun: KelTec KSG, Benelli Supernova. I would also highly reccomend what I would call the "extra long range" pack, which consists of the Benelli Supernova with a 28 inch barrel, and loading it with rifled slugs or using a rife choke for longer range shooting (if legal).
Handguns: CAA RONI & KPOS Glock carbines.

France:

Category C: Troy PAR in .308 and .300 blackout, Benelli Supernova, Mossberg 500 with magnum receiver, 24 inch barrel, 8 shot magazine extension, metal trigger group, ATI side saddle, and AR stock adapter with Magpul storage stock.

Cyprus: 
Practical shotguns: Stoeger Double Defense, Thompson Center Encore with shotgun barrel. 

Long range shotgun: Tristar Hunter Magnum with rifled chokes and 3 1/2 inch magnum slugs (I'm not sure if this is legal). If slugs aren't legal, then I would reccomend the same setup but with large shot pellets and a tight choke.

Premium shotguns: Perazzi High Tech, Blaser F3. A few other good ones would be the Krieghoff K-20, Zoli Competition line, Rizzini BR 440, high-end Caesar Guerini shotguns, Holland & Holland Royal.

However, of course, there are plenty of other great European double-barreled shotgun makes and models.

Vanuatu:
Rifles: SGC Lever-release AR-15, Troy PAR in .338 Federal,  Desert Tech HDI, Barrett Model 95, Chiappa 1892 Alaskan "Mare's Leg" pistol with a rifle stock, perhaps a Browning BLR with a shortened barrel.
Shotguns: KelTec KSG, Uzkon AS46-OP2, Mossberg 590A1 Mariner, 9+ shot magazine extension, metal trigger group, ATI side saddle, and AR stock adapter with Magpul storage stock,, Chiappa Triple Threat or any vierling combination gun (by Blaser, Krieghoff, etc) with caliber conversion chamber inserts.

Samoa:
Rifles: Thompson/Center Encore (the H&R Ultra Varmint Fluted would work fine as well) with both .223 Remington and .22-250 Remington barrels. Be sure to upgrade the former with a composite flextech forend and folding stock, and the latter with an AR stock adapter.
Low-power scope for rifle if there are no iron sights: the Zeiss 1-8x30 Victory V8 36mm Rifle Scope.
Shotgun: Fostech Origin 12, perhaps a Benelli M4.
If you can use shotguns with caliber conversion chamber inserts, get the Chiappa Triple-Threat.

Marshall Islands & Micronesia:

Rifles: any semi-automatic rifle in .223 Remington/5.56x45mm NATO. If you want a more powerful rifle, go for an AR-10 with a .220 Swift upper receiver (http://harrisbarrelworks.com/aruppers.html).
Shotgun: Saiga-410 shotgun. 

Tuvalu: 


Steyr AUG with 20 inch barrel, M14 bullpup, Remington 870 bullpup with 20 inch barrel, PKM machine gun, any anti-material rifle. Any gun with a barrel that's 20 inches long or more will due.


Bonus: practical sporting guns for Singapore and perhaps Hong Kong 
(sport shooters are restricted from taking weapons home, and thus, I'm more concerned about sporting qualities more than survival qualities. The reason for featuring .22lr rifles and pistols is becuase of the low cost, recoil, and noise of the round while still operational in semi-automatic firearms):

Rifles: Ruger 10/22 (easily customizable), Spikes Tactical ST-22 (realistic, close to the AR but with less noise, recoil, and ammunition cost), ISSC MK22 (similar to the FN SCAR) German Sport Guns rifles (close to the real deal), Walther G36 and MP5 (also close to the real deal).
Shotguns: Fabarm XLR5 (they're simply great for sport shooting), Holland & Holland Royal Over/Under shotgun (it's a premium firearm), Perazzi High Tech (easy to configure to your wants).
Replica .22lr pistols: Chiappa M9-22 (close to the real Beretta 92), CZ 75 Tactical Sport with Kadet adapter, Glock 17 converted for .22lr, Sig-Sauer P226-22, Ruger SR22, Kimber Rimfire Super, S&W M&P22 pistol, GSG and Walther .22lr replica pistols (close to the real deal).
Purpose built .22lr pistols: Ruger MK 3/4 (they're simply great for shooting), Beretta Neos, Browning Buckmark, any "Olympic style" pistol similar in style to what's listed on http://www.firearms-safety-course.com/list-of-restricted-and-prohibited-firearms or https://oag.ca.gov/sites/all/files/agweb/pdfs/firearms/forms/op.pdf.

And that's it.

Bonus mini-rant: 
I just want to say that Europeans (and maybe especially Italians) seem to have a love affair with double-barrel shotguns. I think that the 3 reasons are;
. Smoothbore long guns are often treated more leniently than their rifled counterparts under the law, perhaps becuase they, 1, don't have a range much longer than common handguns but are about as compact as a typical, rifle, and 2, they're popular among civilians.
. Shotguns (especially break-actions) are popular with civilians becuase of simplicity, owners won't need to worry about rifling and the wear and tear that comes with it (accuracy loss isn't so bad, the barrel's life is long), can fire a variety of loads, and are not as tightly regulated as rifles or handguns.
. A lot of people can take ideas from simple break-action firearms, and this inspiration can help them make their own little changes. With this comes competition, and people want to buy stuff that has a positive reputation, is known for good quality, and since people want to save money, to sell stuff, producers lower their prices.

I guess that European shooters love up on their generic double barreled shotguns in a similar manner that Americans love up on their generic AR-15 series rifles.

I think the reason for this difference is that Americans are, in some ways, more politically rebellious than Europeans. The United States of America was founded when just about everyone had access to firearms, and the right to keep and bear arms is enshrined in the U.S. constitution with the 2nd amendment. So our gun culture takes self-defense and survivalism seriously.
Many (but obviously, not all) Canadians, Europeans, and especially Japanese however, experence gun culture more with sporting and hunting more than self-defense or survival.

Also, it seems like European people culturally often prefer fancier-grade stuff than their American or Canadian counterparts, rather it be watches, furniture, cars, and even to an extent, trucks (Volvo, not only a luxury car brand but also a high-end truck and heavy equipment brand in North America, is European).

But that doesn't change the fact that Europe was the home of many important firearms in world history.

As for how I found out about the premium shotgun brands for Cyprus other than Blaser, I found out about Krieghoff and Perazzi through an answer I got on Quora and I found out about the other brands through Able's Premium Shotguns (if you're the owner and/or manager of that site or business and you wish for me to take out the mention, please comment below and I'll remove the mention).

Wrapping this up, just to let everyone know, I had no intention of insulting or otherwise disrespecting anybody over where they came from, where they live, or the types of guns that they're into or prefer. I was just stating my opinion.